chemistry·NCERT Class 11·Chemical Bonding & Molecular Structure
VSEPR Shape Builder
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Add lone pairs around a central atom and watch the shape warp from tetrahedral to bent. Why does water have a 104.5° bond angle, not 109.5°? Lone pairs tell the story.
›VSEPR predicts shape by minimising electron-pair repulsion.
›2 bp → linear (180°); 3 bp → trigonal planar (120°); 4 bp → tetrahedral (109.5°).